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Hardiness Zones

ZoneFahrenheitCelsiusExample Cities
1Below -50 FBelow -45.6 CFairbanks, Alaska; Resolute, Northwest Territories (Canada)
2a-50 to -45 F-42.8 to -45.5 CPrudhoe Bay, Alaska; Flin Flon, Manitoba (Canada)
2b-45 to -40 F-40.0 to -42.7 CUnalakleet, Alaska; Pinecreek, Minnesota
3a-40 to -35 F-37.3 to -39.9 CInternational Falls, Minnesota; St. Michael, Alaska
3b-35 to -30 F-34.5 to -37.2 CTomahawk, Wisconsin; Sidney, Montana
4a-30 to -25 F-31.7 to -34.4 CMinneapolis/St.Paul, Minnesota; Lewistown, Montana
4b-25 to -20 F-28.9 to -31.6 CNorthwood, Iowa; Nebraska
5a-20 to -15 F-26.2 to -28.8 CDes Moines, Iowa; Illinois
5b-15 to -10 F-23.4 to -26.1 CColumbia, Missouri; Mansfield, Pennsylvania
6a-10 to -5 F-20.6 to -23.3 CSt. Louis, Missouri; Lebanon, Pennsylvania
6b-5 to 0 F -17.8 to -20.5 CMcMinnville, Tennessee; Branson, Missouri
7a0 to 5 F-15.0 to -17.7 COklahoma City, Oklahoma; South Boston, Virginia
7b5 to 10 F-12.3 to -14.9 CLittle Rock, Arkansas; Griffin, Georgia
8a10 to 15 F-9.5 to -12.2 CTifton, Georgia; Dallas, Texas
8b15 to 20 F-6.7 to -9.4 CAustin, Texas; Gainesville, Florida
9a20 to 25 F-3.9 to -6.6 CHouston, Texas; St. Augustine, Florida
9b25 to 30 F -1.2 to -3.8 CBrownsville, Texas; Fort Pierce, Florida
10a30 to 35 F1.6 to -1.1 CNaples, Florida; Victorville, California
10b35 to 40 F4.4 to 1.7 CMiami, Florida; Coral Gables, Florida
11above 40 Fabove 4.5 CHonolulu, Hawaii; Mazatlan, Mexico

koi fish picturesGeographical locations-and their climatic pluses and minuses greatly affect the outdoor koi ponds.

~In the South:: Koi-keepers in the South probably never need to heat their outdoor koi ponds; ponds stay warm enough in colder weather with a simple cover. However, during the summer these same koi-keepers may need to add a garden waterfall or fountin feature to cool the pond water.

~In the desert: Koi-keepers in arid areas like southern Arizona need to top off their backyard koi ponds with fresh water to replace water lost through evaporation. They also need a protein skimmer to filter off that scummy layer of pollen that settles after the summer monsoons.

~In the North: Koi-keepers in the North bear the brunt of expenses (like heating costs during the winter). Most koi-keepers elect to cover their outdoor koi pond when water temperatures dip below 52 degree F the point at which Koi become relatively inactive. The cover can be Pilofilm stapled to a 2-x4-foot frame just a few feet above the water. For northern Koi-keepers, the big difference in cost is electricity and nautral gas costs during the winter.

References: This chart was made available from the Atlanta Koi Club Atlanta Koi Club














koi fish pictures

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When KH is depleted, it causes pH to fall or crash into the acidic range. KH MUST be replaced so the pH will move back into the alkaline range. WARNING:

  1. NEVER correct pH without testing ammonia which should be zero. If not, add AmQuel or ClorAm-X to bind the ammonia.
  2. Now KH (carbonates) can be brought up by adding baking soda, 1/4 cup per 1000 gallons. Circulate through the filter and retest until pH reaches a safe range.


How Often Should I Test?

Depending on the season, fish loading, the size of your pond, and basic water quality, you may find it necessary to test anywhere from daily to monthly. For a new pond with an uncycled biofilter, you should test pH, ammonia and nitrite daily for the first two weeks followed by every other day (EOD) for the next two weeks. If ammonia becomes problematic or temperatures are high, daily testing for the first six to eight weeks is not necessarily extreme.



Japanese Definition of Koi:

"A freshwater fish which will become your sweetheart, with its brilliant colors and friendly nature. They look at you with their wise, round eyes, and the entire day can be lost watching them."


waterlily picture


Hardiness Zones Beginning


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